A 2-year-old is unresponsive and not breathing after being found in a backyard pool. You open the airway and deliver two rescue breaths. Which consideration is most important when assessing the adequacy of ventilations in a pediatric patient?

You are dispatched for a ‘person acting strangely.’ On arrival, a 35-year-old female is pacing, speaking rapidly but incoherently, and sweating profusely. She resists assessment. Bystanders say she has diabetes. After ensuring scene safety, what is the most critical step in your primary assessment?

A patient has a tourniquet applied to the right leg by a bystander. You note the tourniquet is tight and the bleeding has stopped. The time of application is unknown. What is the MOST appropriate action?

A patient has an open femur fracture with bone visible through the wound. Bleeding has been controlled. How should you manage the open wound and fracture together?

A bystander has been doing CPR for about 4 minutes on an unwitnessed adult cardiac arrest. The AED is now ready. What is the best immediate action?

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is in moderate respiratory distress with an SpO2 of 86 percent. What is the correct oxygen approach for the EMR?

During a prolonged extrication at a vehicle rollover, an EMR notices the patient’s skin color, initially pink, has changed to pale and mottled. What does this finding most likely indicate, and what is the immediate priority?

Dispatch advises that a two-vehicle crash has occurred on a highway with possible entrapment and a fuel leak. Which pre-arrival consideration is most important for the EMR?

You respond to a homicide scene where the victim is in cardiac arrest. After resuscitation efforts are exhausted, what is the most appropriate action regarding the body and scene?

An EMR has responded to several pediatric cardiac arrest calls over the past month. She reports disturbed sleep, difficulty concentrating at work, and intrusive mental images of the scenes. The most appropriate next step is to:

An EMR checks a portable oxygen cylinder at the start of a shift and finds it reads 200 psi. Agency policy sets a minimum service pressure of 200 psi before a cylinder must be exchanged. What should the EMR do?

An EMR is checking the oxygen cylinder at the start of a shift and the pressure gauge reads 400 psi. The agency sets the safe minimum for going in service at 500 psi. Which action is most appropriate?

An EMR responds to a 68-year-old man with a history of COPD who is alert and oriented but in moderate respiratory distress. The focused physical exam reveals accessory muscle use, a prolonged expiratory phase, and diffuse expiratory wheezing bilaterally. His oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. Which assessment finding would MOST indicate that this patient is deteriorating beyond the EMR’s current management capability?

A 52-year-old man is alert and oriented, complaining of substernal chest pressure that began at rest 20 minutes ago. During the focused physical exam, which assessment finding would MOST change the EMR’s management priority?

An EMR is assessing a 29-year-old woman who reports difficulty breathing after being stung by a bee. During the focused physical exam, which finding is MOST consistent with anaphylaxis rather than a localized allergic reaction?